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Basic applications of titanium anodes and titanium electrodes in water resource disinfection treatment
创建于05.21
With the development of industry, the pollution of water sources by various organic substances has increased. It has been found that the traditional chlorination disinfection method in water supply systems can form substances harmful to the human body. Therefore, the research on new alternative sterilization methods has increasingly become a hot topic and an important development direction at home and abroad. Most of the existing commercial electric water disinfection processors produce disinfectants such as chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite through electrolysis after adding electrolytes such as sodium chloride. Xinxiang Future Water Chemistry Co., Ltd. has developed a new type of electrolytic sterilizer using its self - produced and developed insoluble titanium anodes, titanium electrodes, and platinum - plated titanium electrode materials, which can achieve the effect of sterilization and algae removal without affecting water quality.
At present, the oxidation disinfection method of adding chlorine or chlorides to water is commonly used for water treatment sterilization. However, it has been found that chlorination disinfection can lead to the generation of "three - causing" (carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic) substances in drinking water. In recent years, treatment methods such as ultraviolet, ozone, ultrasonic, magnetization, and static electricity have not been widely applied due to complex equipment, small water treatment flow, or high treatment costs. As a water treatment sterilization technology with good sterilization effect, strong usability, and no secondary pollution, the electrolysis method is popular.
Electrolytic sterilization can be divided into two types: indirect sterilization and direct sterilization:
I. Indirect sterilization: Use substances such as ClO-, HClO3, H2O2, O2-, and ·OH- generated by electrolysis to kill microorganisms. Most of the existing commercial disinfection processors produce disinfectants such as chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite after adding electrolytes such as sodium chloride.
II. Direct sterilization: Direct sterilization uses the electrolytic electrodes to directly act on microorganisms, causing their death.
The mechanism of electrolytic sterilization and disinfection:
(1) When electrolyzing water containing chlorine, ClO- and a small amount of higher - valence chlorates are produced. The reactions on the electrodes are as follows. Anode: 2Cl - 2e → Cl2, Cl2 + H2O → HClO + H+ + Cl-. OH- ions diffuse to the liquid layer around the anode and react with hypochlorous acid to form ClO-, and further react to form chloric acid: 12ClO- + 6H2O - 12e → 4HClO3 + 8HCl + 3O2. Both HClO and HClO3 produced are strong oxidants and have a strong killing effect on microorganisms.
(2) When electrolyzing water without chloride ions, even if there is no Cl- in the raw water, there is still a good sterilization effect, indicating that other oxidizing substances besides HOCl are produced during electrolysis. Through analysis, the following reactions occur on the anode side: ① H2O → H+ + OH-; ② 2OH- - 2e → [O] + H2O → H2O2; ③ 4OH- - 4e → 2H2O + O2; ④ [O] + O2 → O3. Therefore, strong oxidizing disinfectants such as H2O2, O3, and [O] are produced, making the treated water have a strong sterilization effect after electrolysis.
(3) Electrolysis directly acts on the bacterial cell body, destroying a certain organelle of the bacteria, causing the bacteria to die.
The modern view of the bactericidal action of chlorine is that it mainly acts through HClO. When HClO molecules reach the inside of bacteria, they can oxidize and destroy the enzyme system of bacteria, causing the bacteria to die. The final oxidation products are CO2 and H2O. Therefore, even when chlorine is used continuously, bacteria will not develop drug resistance.
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